Hand-piece for dental engines



(Model.)

JQROQUE.

HAND PIECE FOR DENTAL ENGINES.

No. 302,430. Patented Juy 22, 1884.`

gm. o. a

4 N. PETERS. Phaxumogmpnen wma UNrrED l STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSE ROQUE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

HAND-PIECE FOR DENTAL ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters APatent No. 302,430, dated July22, 1884.

Application sled February@ 16, 1851.4. (Mmmm To all whom t mayconcern,.-

Be it known that I, JOS ROQUE, formerly of the Island of Cuba, but nowresiding at Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Hand-Pieces for DentalImplements.

The following isa specification of my improvements, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figures l and 2 are exteriorviews of the hand-piece with a burr-drill mounted therein,

. the points of view being at right angles to one another. Fig'. 3 is acentral longitudinal section through the hand-piece, the latter being inthe same position as in Fig. 2, and having the same burr-drill. Fig. 4is a similar section from the same p oint of view as in Fig. 3, themechanism,however, being arranged to operate a plugging-tool instead ofa drill. 5, 6,'7, 8, l9, l0, 11, l2, and 13 are transverse sectionsthrough the hand-piece, the sectionline of each figure being indicated'in Figf3 by the number corresponding to that of the figure itself.

The principal object of my invention is to permit the use of either arotating drill or a reciprocating plugging-tool in the same handpiece.the change from one to the other being effected in the simplest manner,andthe plugger, when in action, having no rotary motion.

Other and minor features of invention conlsist in devices forcontrolling the driving provided with an annular flange, e, as shown,

which, when the end cap, a2, ofthe hand-piece is screwed on, abutsagainst the inner end of said cap and prevents the shaft from slippingout. A coupling-piece, c, enters and slides freely in the tubular shafta', being provided with a pin, c', which engages in the slot a of thelatter, so as to be rotated therewith. That portion of thecoupling-piece c which is outside of the shaft a', is enlarged andprovided Figs.

with a projecting annular liange, h, while across the eXtreme end of theenlarged portion is a transverse lug, I), which is adapted to engagewith a notch which extends across the adjacent end of the hollow shaftB, and thus rotates the latter. This shaft B is constructed in amanner'similar to the shaft athat`"is to say, it has a longitudinalslot, c, extending 6o inward from one end, and a projecting iiange,

d', at that end. A collar, f, fits loosely around the shaft B, and isfixed within the shell A by means of a screw, z'. This collar f permitsthe free rotation of the shaft B, but by engaging with the fiange dprevents it from slipping backward or toward the coupling c. A coiledspring, D, is arranged between the back end of the collar f and thefront face of the flange h upon the coupling e, and tends to press the7e coupling-piece c away from the shaft B, and thus to .disengage thetwo, as Vshown in Fig. 3.

To effect the engagement `of the couplingpiece c and shaft B'by means ofthe lug b upon the former and notch in the adjacent end ofthe shaft, Iprovide a sliding catch, j ,which extends through a slot in the shell A,and has athumb-piece, J, moving inlongitudinal guides J on the outsidethereof. This catch j engages with the rear face of the flange h, uponSo the coupling-piece c, and by sliding the thumbpiece J forward (ortoward the drill) the spring D will be compressed and the coupling-piecewill engage, by means of the lug b, with the rear end of the shaft B.The pin c' upon the 8 5 coupling-piece remains, of course, within theslot a of the shaft a', and thus the three pieces,

a, c, and B will be coupled and rotate together. Upon releasing thepressure on the thumbpiece J, the spring D will push the coupling- 9opiece c backward and disengage the latter from the shaft B. A shaft, E,is mounted at or near the-longitudinal center of the shell A, and hasits rear end of such diameter as to fit snuglywithin the tubular shaftB, being also provided with a pin, a,whieh enters the slote of saidtubular shaft, so that the two must always rotate together, butpermitting the free longitudinal movement of the shaft E during suchrotation. rlhe front portion of the shaft Ioo E is enlarged, forming ahead, a, which fits snugly in the shell A. This head terminates in adouble cam-surface, o o, the inclincs being in opposite directions andending in abrupt shoulders parallel to the axis of the shaft. A centralsocket for the drill-shank q is formed in the end of the head a, andradial slots p p extend from the socket between the cam-inclines toreceive the laterally-projecting studs r o" on said shank, by means ofwhich the drill is rotated. Slots s extend laterally from the bottom ofthe slots p for ashort distance around the head a, as shown, in orderthat, when the shaft E rotates, the said studs o' fr may engage in thelaterally-extended slots s, and thus prevent the drill from being drawnout of its seat, the combined operation of these parts being similar tothat of an ordinary bayonet-joint.

Immediately adjacent to the cani-surfaces o o is a cam-piece, K, whosedouble cam-surfaces t t are the counterpart of the former and face them.The other side of this cam-piece `K abuts against shoulders F on theinterior of the shell A, and,while free to rotate, the piece K, is thusprevented from moving longitudinally in the shell. A central opening, I,is formed through the piece K to permit the passage of the drill-shank qand its projecting studs 1' a', so that the shank may be freely pushedhome into its seat in the head a. A coiled spring, L, is arranged aroundthe shaft E, pressing at one end against the head n, and at the otherupon a ring, M, which slides lougitudinally within the shell A. The ringM is attached to a finger, N, (see Fig. 1,) which eX- tends through aslot, l?, in the shell, and is connected with` an outside ring, M',adapted to slide longitudinally upon the exterior ofthe shell A. Themovement of this outside ring, M', (and consequently of the finger N andinner ring, M,) is effected'by means of the screw-ring u, mounted uponthe outside of the shell A,near its rear end, andthe result of suchmovement is to increase or diminish the tension-of the spring L, for apurpose to be hereinafter explained. The tendency of the spring L is ofcourse to hold the head a up against the campiece K. The cam-piece K hasat one side a notch, w, (sec Fig. 6,) and opposite to this notch is anopening, S, in the shell A, through which a spring-finger, R, (securedto the shell by the screw enters. Then this finger B is depressed, asshown in Fig. 4:, it engages with the notch fw, thus preventing therotation of the cam-piece K. The 1in ger R is provided with a runner, U,which slides thereon, one edge of said runner entering a longitudinal V-shaped groove in the shell A. By sliding the runner toward the jointattachment t of the linger B, the nger will be raised out of the notchw, and the cam-piece K will thus be free to rotate. The reverse movementof the runner U permits the descent of the finger and locks thecam-piece K. front of the shell A, to receive the drill A or other tool,B', is constructed in the ordinary manner, light springs V being appliedon either side of the orifice to clamp the shank at thc circular grooveY therein.

In order to use the hand-piece in connection The opening V in the.

with a burr or other rotating drill, the shank of the drill is insertedin the opening V, and pushed back therein through the cam-piece K, untilit reaches its socket in the head a, the lugs r1' upon the shank passingfreely through the openings in the cam-piece K and head a. The drillisthen turned` slightly, so as to bring the lugs 1' fr Within thetransverse slots s, and thus lock the shank in position. The outsidesprings, XV, also aid in preventing the longitudinal movements of thedrill. The sliding runner U is then pushed back or toward the screw i,and the finger B is thus raised, so as to free the cam-piece K. Thisposition of'the parts is shown in Fig. 3. A driving-shaft having beenproperly attached to the shaft. c, and power'applied thereto, said shaftand the coupling-piece c will be caused to rotate, but as the hollowshaft B is not yet coupled the drill remains stationary. It may,however, be rotated at any desired moment by pushing the thumb-piece Jforward or toward the drill.v This action, which may be readily effectedby the forenger of the operator, draws the coupling-piece c toward thehollow shaft B, which in turn drives the shaft E, in whose head a thedrill-shank is held. cam-surfaces o o and t t are non-operative, sincethe cam-piece K runs free, and thus rotates, along with the head 'n andthe drillshank. "When, however, it is desired. to sub'- stitute for therotating-drill, a plugger or other tool having a longitudinallyreciprocating movement,- the parts are arranged as shown in Fig. 4-thatis to say, the runner U is pushed forward or away from the screw z',thus permitting the spring-finger R to enter the opening S, and engagewith the notch w in the cam-piece K. This holds the cam-piece K againstany rotary movement, and the shoulders F prevent it from moving forwardin the shell A. The shank of the plugging-tool has no lugs o' 1" uponit, but is a smooth cylinder,which passes freely through the cam-piece Kand into the socket in the head a, and does not turn when said head isrotated. The thumb-piece J being pushed forward so as to couple theshafts B and a by means of the coupling-piece c, the shaft E and its4head a will be rotated,and the cam-piece K being now fixed,the opposingcam-surfaces o o and t t will operate, the effect being to force theshaft E and head a backward, compressing the spring Luntil, by rotationof the head n, the summit of the cam-surface is reachcd,when the head awill be suddenly released and spring toward the cam-piece K with a forcedepending upon the tension of the spring L. As in the meantime theplugger B as remained stationary,- the head will strike it with a suddenhammerlike blow, and thus effect the plugging operation. The slightforward movement ofthe tool under the blow will, upon the retreat of thehead n, be compensated by the action of the springs XV, which press uponthe rear incline of the groove Y and force the tool back into Duringthis action the IOO IIO

position for the next blow. These operations will occur twice for eachrotation of the head, as the cam-surfaces are double, and thus a rapidsuccession of blows `will be delivered upon the plugger.

The tension of the spring L, and consequently the force of the blow, canbe varied by means of the screw-ring u, Whose movement toward or fromthe spring L causes the inner ring M to compress it more rmly or todiminish the compression.

I am aware fthat it is not new to so construct a handpiece as that itcan be used tol operate both a drilling and plugging tool,and Itherefore do not desire to broadly claim suoli device; but A I claiml.In a dental handpiece, the combination, with an inclosing-case, of a cam-piece mounted loosely therein and having a central aperture for thefree passage of the tool-shank, a stop whereby said cam-piece may betemporarily locked, a shaft having at one end a tool-socket, and acani-surface corresponding` to that of the canrpiece, and having at theother end a coupling device which permits the longitudinal reciprocationof the shaft during its rotation, a spring normally press ing said shafttoward said cam-piece,and suitable driving mechanism connected Iwithsaid coupling device, the whole operating substan tially as and for thepurposes set forth.

2. The combination, with the head n, shaft E. and spring L, of the ringM, finger N, and adjusting mechanism attached to said finger,

whereby the tension of the spring may be increased or diminished.

3. The combination, Withthe collar f, rigidly seeured to the case, ofthe sha-ft B, mounted freely within said ring and having an end notch,the coupling-piece c, having a lug upon the end adjacent to said notch,the spring D,

Josu ROQUE.

Vitnesses: y

NVM. II. MYERs, I. WALTER DoUGLAss.

